Ubuntu 16.10: Install BIND for DNS server

This article will describe installing BIND and running DNS server for private network.

1 Install BIND

Install bind9 with apt.

sudo apt-get install -y bind9

2 Configuration

  • Private network address is 192.168.11.0/24.
  • Private network name is hiroom2.com.
  • IP address of DNS server for private network is 192.168.11.79. This DNS server uses recursive query.
  • IP address of local machine inside private network is 192.168.11.87.
  • IP address of DNS server for internet is 192.168.11.1.

2.1 /etc/bind/named.conf.options

This is the configration file for BIND option.

  • Allow query from private network.
  • Allow recursive query.
  • If you running ufw, open 53/udp and 53/tcp.
options {
  directory "/var/cache/bind";
  listen-on port 53 { localhost; 192.168.11.0/24; };
  allow-query { localhost; 192.168.11.0/24; };
  forwarders { 192.168.11.1; };
  recursion yes;
}

2.2 /etc/bind/named.conf.local

This configuration file for private network is included by /etc/bind/named.conf.

zone "hiroom2.com" IN {
  type master;
  file "hiroom2.com.zone";
};

2.3 /var/cache/bind/hiroom2.com.zone

This is a zone file for private network.

  • DNS server hostname is 192.168.11.64.
  • Client hostname is client.
  • If you need more, append A record.
$TTL 86400

@ IN SOA hiroom2.com root.hiroom2.com (
  2017062705
  3600
  900
  604800
  86400
)

@      IN NS server
server IN A  192.168.11.79
client IN A  192.168.11.87

3 Validation

named-checkconf validates /etc/bind/named.conf and included files.

$ named-checkconf

named-checkzone validates zone file.

$ /usr/sbin/named-checkzone hiroom2.com /var/cache/bind/hiroom2.com.zone
zone hiroom2.com/IN: loaded serial 2017062705
OK

4 Run BIND

Run BIND with systemd.

sudo systemctl enable bind9
sudo systemctl start bind9

5 Excution result

Run the following on client.

Make /etc/resolv.conf to refer DNS server.

$ cat /etc/resolv.conf
# Generated by NetworkManager
search hiroom2.com
nameserver 192.168.11.79

DNS server returns FQDN in private network.

$ ping -c 4 client.hiroom2.com
PING client.hiroom2.com (192.168.11.87) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from debian-9 (192.168.11.87): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.024 ms
64 bytes from debian-9 (192.168.11.87): icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.041 ms
64 bytes from debian-9 (192.168.11.87): icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.041 ms
64 bytes from debian-9 (192.168.11.87): icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.043 ms

--- client.hiroom2.com ping statistics ---
4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 3057ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.024/0.037/0.043/0.008 ms

DNS server returns FQDN in internet with recursive query.

$ ping -c 4 google.co.jp
PING google.co.jp (172.217.25.67) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from nrt13s50-in-f3.1e100.net (172.217.25.67): icmp_seq=1 ttl=55 time=6.89 ms
64 bytes from nrt13s50-in-f3.1e100.net (172.217.25.67): icmp_seq=2 ttl=55 time=7.38 ms
64 bytes from nrt13s50-in-f3.1e100.net (172.217.25.67): icmp_seq=3 ttl=55 time=7.01 ms
64 bytes from nrt13s50-in-f3.1e100.net (172.217.25.67): icmp_seq=4 ttl=55 time=7.11 ms

--- google.co.jp ping statistics ---
4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 3004ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 6.897/7.103/7.386/0.190 ms