ArchLinux 2017.10.01: Install ArchLinux 2017.10.01

You can use copy and paste on serial console. Because the bootloader in install media supports serial console, connecting to serial console outputs bootloader menu.

Press TAB key and append "console=ttyS0,115200" to kernel parameter. And then press ENTER key.

You can login with root user without password.

/proc/partions before running fdisk are as the following. Change /dev/vda to your block device like /dev/sda.

root@archiso ~ # cat /proc/partitions
major minor  #blocks  name

 254        0   10485760 vda
  11        0     535552 sr0
   7        0     417876 loop0

Run fdisk to /dev/vda.

root@archiso ~ # fdisk /dev/vda

Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.30.2).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.

Device does not contain a recognized partition table.
Created a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0xae297af2.

Command (m for help):

Create a partion for /boot which size is 256MByte.

Command (m for help): n
Partition type
   p   primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
   e   extended (container for logical partitions)
Select (default p): p
Partition number (1-4, default 1): 1
First sector (2048-20971519, default 2048): 2048
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G,T,P} (2048-20971519, default 20971519): +256M

Created a new partition 1 of type 'Linux' and of size 256 MiB.

Create a partion for LVM which uses rest of size.

Command (m for help): n
Partition type
   p   primary (1 primary, 0 extended, 3 free)
   e   extended (container for logical partitions)
Select (default p): p
Partition number (2-4, default 2): 2
First sector (526336-20971519, default 526336): 526336
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G,T,P} (526336-20971519, default 20971519):

Created a new partition 2 of type 'Linux' and of size 9.8 GiB.

Append boot label to /boot partion.

Command (m for help): a
Partition number (1,2, default 2): 1

The bootable flag on partition 1 is enabled now.

Change label of LVM partition to "Linux LVM".

Command (m for help): t
Partition number (1,2, default 2): 2
Partition type (type L to list all types): 8e

Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'.

Update partitions.

Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered.
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.

The partions after running fdisk are as below.

root@archiso ~ # fdisk -l /dev/vda
Disk /dev/vda: 10 GiB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x7f1f7d19

Device     Boot  Start      End  Sectors  Size Id Type
/dev/vda1  *      2048   526335   524288  256M 83 Linux
/dev/vda2       526336 20971519 20445184  9.8G 8e Linux LVM

Create physical volue on /dev/vda2.

root@archiso ~ # pvcreate /dev/vda2
  Physical volume "/dev/vda2" successfully created.

Create volume group which names vg_archlinux with /dev/vda2.

root@archiso ~ # vgcreate vg_archlinux /dev/vda2
  Volume group "vg_archlinux" successfully created

Create logical volume which names lv_swap from vg_archlinux.

root@archiso ~ # lvcreate -L 1G -n lv_swap vg_archlinux
  Logical volume "lv_swap" created.

Create logical volume which names lv_root from vg_archlinux.

root@archiso ~ # lvcreate -l 100%FREE -n lv_root vg_archlinux
  Logical volume "lv_root" created.

The logical volumes are as below.

root@archiso ~ # lvdisplay
  --- Logical volume ---
  LV Path                /dev/vg_archlinux/lv_swap
  LV Name                lv_swap
  VG Name                vg_archlinux
  LV UUID                ooRdRU-Z1sm-3oZZ-lWK5-ntE3-2bAp-Vcgf6V
  LV Write Access        read/write
  LV Creation host, time archiso, 2017-10-06 06:25:12 +0000
  LV Status              available
  # open                 0
  LV Size                1.00 GiB
  Current LE             256
  Segments               1
  Allocation             inherit
  Read ahead sectors     auto
  - currently set to     256
  Block device           253:0

  --- Logical volume ---
  LV Path                /dev/vg_archlinux/lv_root
  LV Name                lv_root
  VG Name                vg_archlinux
  LV UUID                yvvRsQ-3ELb-yIdd-kLbC-8hlQ-gdXE-HVpU4D
  LV Write Access        read/write
  LV Creation host, time archiso, 2017-10-06 06:25:34 +0000
  LV Status              available
  # open                 0
  LV Size                <8.75 GiB
  Current LE             2239
  Segments               1
  Allocation             inherit
  Read ahead sectors     auto
  - currently set to     256
  Block device           253:1

Format /dev/vda1 with ext4.

root@archiso ~ # mkfs.ext4 /dev/vda1
mke2fs 1.43.6 (29-Aug-2017)
Creating filesystem with 262144 1k blocks and 65536 inodes
Filesystem UUID: 1ae02bc4-24eb-4b0f-b2e5-53f3a295cdfa
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
        8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185

Allocating group tables: done
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

Format /dev/vg_archlinux/lv_root with ext4.

root@archiso ~ # mkfs.ext4 /dev/vg_archlinux/lv_root
mke2fs 1.43.6 (29-Aug-2017)
Creating filesystem with 2292736 4k blocks and 573440 inodes
Filesystem UUID: eb0a11e4-463d-4bec-8fe5-89b856eeec1b
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
        32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632

Allocating group tables: done
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (16384 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

Create swap on /dev/vg_archlinux/lv_swap.

root@archiso ~ # mkswap /dev/vg_archlinux/lv_swap
Setting up swapspace version 1, size = 1024 MiB (1073737728 bytes)
no label, UUID=81080828-7edb-4b95-8d88-4ed4d2ee736f

Mount filesystems to /mnt and enable swap.

root@archiso ~ # mount -t ext4 /dev/vg_archlinux/lv_root /mnt
root@archiso ~ # mkdir /mnt/boot
root@archiso ~ # mount -t ext4 /dev/vda1 /mnt/boot
root@archiso ~ # swapon /dev/vg_archlinux/lv_swap

Install base, sudo, grub, lvm2 and openssh with pacstrap.

root@archiso ~ # pacstrap /mnt base sudo grub lvm2 openssh
==> Creating install root at /mnt
==> Installing packages to /mnt
:: Synchronizing package databases...

A detail of package group is here.

Create /etc/fstab with genfstab.

root@archiso ~ # genfstab -p /mnt > /mnt/etc/fstab
root@archiso ~ # cat /mnt/etc/fstab
# UUID=eb0a11e4-463d-4bec-8fe5-89b856eeec1b
/dev/mapper/vg_archlinux-lv_root        /               ext4            rw,relatime,data=ordered  0 1

# UUID=1ae02bc4-24eb-4b0f-b2e5-53f3a295cdfa
/dev/vda1               /boot           ext4            rw,relatime,data=ordered        0 2

# UUID=81080828-7edb-4b95-8d88-4ed4d2ee736f
/dev/mapper/vg_archlinux-lv_swap        none            swap            defaults        0 0

Enable dhcpcd.service and sshd.service. dhcpcd.service is a service for DHCP client.

[root@archiso /]# ln -s /usr/lib/systemd/system/dhcpcd.service \
/etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/dhcpcd.service
[root@archiso /]# ln -s /usr/lib/systemd/system/sshd.service \
/etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/sshd.service

Set hostname to /etc/hostname.

[root@archiso /]# echo archlinux-20171001 > /etc/hostname

Create /etc/locale.gen and /etc/locale.conf. This article uses en_US.UTF-8.

[root@archiso /]# sed -e 's/^#en_US.UTF-8 UTF-8/en_US.UTF-8 UTF-8/g' \
  -i /etc/locale.gen
[root@archiso /]# locale-gen
Generating locales...
  en_US.UTF-8... done
Generation complete.
[root@archiso /]# echo "LANG=en_US.UTF-8" > /etc/locale.conf

Set root password.

[root@archiso /]# passwd
Enter new UNIX password:
Retype new UNIX password:
passwd: password updated successfully

Remove comment before %wheel.

[root@archiso /]# sed -i /etc/sudoers \
  -e 's/^# %wheel ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL/%wheel ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL/g'

Create user.

[root@archiso /]# useradd -m hiroom2

Set user password.

[root@archiso /]# passwd hiroom2
Enter new UNIX password:
Retype new UNIX password:
passwd: password updated successfully

Add user to wheel group which can use sudo.

[root@archiso /]# gpasswd -a hiroom2 wheel
Adding user hiroom2 to group wheel

Add a lvm2 script to initramfs.

[root@archiso /]# sed -e 's/^HOOKS="\(.*\)"/HOOKS="\1 lvm2"/g' \
  -i /etc/mkinitcpio.conf

Create initramfs with mkinitcpio.

[root@archiso /]# mkinitcpio -p linux
==> Building image from preset: /etc/mkinitcpio.d/linux.preset: 'default'
  -> -k /boot/vmlinuz-linux -c /etc/mkinitcpio.conf -g /boot/initramfs-linux.img
==> Starting build: 4.13.3-1-ARCH
  -> Running build hook: [base]
  -> Running build hook: [udev]
  -> Running build hook: [autodetect]
  -> Running build hook: [modconf]
  -> Running build hook: [block]
  -> Running build hook: [filesystems]
  -> Running build hook: [keyboard]
  -> Running build hook: [fsck]
  -> Running build hook: [lvm2]
==> Generating module dependencies
==> Creating gzip-compressed initcpio image: /boot/initramfs-linux.img
==> Image generation successful
==> Building image from preset: /etc/mkinitcpio.d/linux.preset: 'fallback'
  -> -k /boot/vmlinuz-linux -c /etc/mkinitcpio.conf -g /boot/initramfs-linux-fallback.img -S autodetect
==> Starting build: 4.13.3-1-ARCH
  -> Running build hook: [base]
  -> Running build hook: [udev]
  -> Running build hook: [modconf]
  -> Running build hook: [block]
==> WARNING: Possibly missing firmware for module: aic94xx
==> WARNING: Possibly missing firmware for module: wd719x
  -> Running build hook: [filesystems]
  -> Running build hook: [keyboard]
  -> Running build hook: [fsck]
  -> Running build hook: [lvm2]
==> Generating module dependencies
==> Creating gzip-compressed initcpio image: /boot/initramfs-linux-fallback.img
==> Image generation successful

Change "root=UUID=xxx" of kernel parameter to "root=/dev/xxx".

[root@archiso /]# sed -i /etc/default/grub \
  -e 's/^#GRUB_DISABLE_LINUX_UUID=true/GRUB_DISABLE_LINUX_UUID=true/g'

Install GRUB to /boot and MBR of /dev/vda.

[root@archiso /]# grub-install --boot-directory=/boot /dev/vda
Installing for i386-pc platform.
Installation finished. No error reported.

Update grub.cfg.

[root@archiso /]# grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg
Generating grub configuration file ...
  WARNING: Failed to connect to lvmetad. Falling back to device scanning.
  WARNING: Failed to connect to lvmetad. Falling back to device scanning.
  WARNING: Failed to connect to lvmetad. Falling back to device scanning.
  WARNING: Failed to connect to lvmetad. Falling back to device scanning.
  WARNING: Failed to connect to lvmetad. Falling back to device scanning.
  WARNING: Failed to connect to lvmetad. Falling back to device scanning.
  WARNING: Failed to connect to lvmetad. Falling back to device scanning.
  WARNING: Failed to connect to lvmetad. Falling back to device scanning.
  WARNING: Failed to connect to lvmetad. Falling back to device scanning.
  WARNING: Failed to connect to lvmetad. Falling back to device scanning.
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-linux
Found initrd image(s) in /boot: initramfs-linux.img
Found fallback initrd image(s) in /boot: initramfs-linux-fallback.img
done

Reboot system and boot ArchLinux from /dev/vda.

sh-4.3# exit
root@archiso ~ # umount /mnt/boot
root@archiso ~ # umount /mnt
root@archiso ~ # reboot