This article will describe creating bridge interface of ethernet.
This makes that other machines in network can connect to virtual machines on KVM and containers on LXD via network.
Table of Contents
1 Install bridge-utils package
Install bridge-utils package before creating bridge.
$ sudo apt install -y bridge-utils
2 Network interfaces of before creating bridge
Network interfaces of before creating bridge is as below. The string of ens3 depends on the ethernet device.
$ ifconfig
ens3 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 52:54:00:cd:e1:2e
inet addr:192.168.11.92 Bcast:192.168.11.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::7446:bbda:95b6:990e/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:306 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:252 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:41145 (41.1 KB) TX bytes:29880 (29.8 KB)
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1
RX packets:179 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:179 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1
RX bytes:13539 (13.5 KB) TX bytes:13539 (13.5 KB)
3 Create bridge
Add br0 setting to /etc/network/interfaces. Reboot system after setting.
$ sudo reboot
3.1 When using DHCP
$ cat /etc/network/interfaces
# interfaces(5) file used by ifup(8) and ifdown(8)
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback
auto br0
iface br0 inet dhcp
bridge_ports ens3
bridge_stp off
bridge_maxwait 0
3.2 When using static IP address
$ cat /etc/network/interfaces
# interfaces(5) file used by ifup(8) and ifdown(8)
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback
auto br0
iface br0 inet static
address 192.168.11.93
netmask 255.255.255.0
network 192.168.11.0
broadcast 192.168.11.255
gateway 192.168.11.1
dns-nameservers 192.168.11.2 192.168.11.1
dns-search hiroom2.com
bridge_ports ens3
bridge_stp off
bridge_maxwait 0
4 Network interfaces of after creating bridge
br0 which has the same MAC address with ens3 is created. IP address is assigned to br0.
$ ifconfig
br0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 52:54:00:cd:e1:2e
inet addr:192.168.11.92 Bcast:192.168.11.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::5054:ff:fecd:e12e/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:90 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:119 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:10232 (10.2 KB) TX bytes:15201 (15.2 KB)
ens3 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 52:54:00:cd:e1:2e
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:102 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:118 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:12437 (12.4 KB) TX bytes:15111 (15.1 KB)
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1
RX packets:162 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:162 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1
RX bytes:11938 (11.9 KB) TX bytes:11938 (11.9 KB)